After the first tube, each tube is the dilution of the previous dilution tube. In this case, the dilution factor for that test tube will be: The dilution factor of each tube in a set:įor a ten-fold dilution, 1 ml of sample is added to 9 ml of diluent. The dilution factor in a serial dilution can be determined either for an individual test tube or can be calculated as a total dilution factor in the entire series. Serial two-fold and ten-fold dilutions are commonly used to titer antibodies or prepare diluted analytes in the laboratory. In contrast, for a less contaminated sample, a low dilution factor might be sufficient. For e.g., if a water sample is taken from an extremely polluted environment, the dilution factor is increased. Depending on the estimated concentration of cells/organisms in a sample, the extent of dilution is determined. 
Then, a small measured volume of each dilution is used to make a series of pour or spread plates.Serial dilution involves the process of taking a sample and diluting it through a series of standard volumes of sterile diluent, which can either be distilled water or 0.9 % saline.
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